ESC
Zhichao (Chris) Hou

Zhichao (Chris) Hou

PhD in Computer Science

North Carolina State University

  • (2027) Ph.D. Computer Science, NCSU
  • (2023) M.S. Mathematics, AMSS
  • (2020) B.S. Mathematics, BNU

About Me

I am currently a Ph.D. student in Computer Science at North Carolina State University, where I am fortunate to be advised by Prof. Xiaorui Liu. Prior to that, I received my M.S. degree in Mathematics from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and my B.S. degree in Mathematics from Beijing Normal University. I have gained diverse industry research experience at Trustworthy Shopping at Amazon (2026), Automated Reasoning at AWS AI (2025), Amazon GuardDuty (2024), Baidu, Inc. (2023), and Tsinghua AIR (2022).

My research focuses on building trustworthy and efficient AI systems that extend naturally to real-world applications in science and industry:

Trustworthy AI
  1. Design universal robustness-informed architectures, including robust transformers [ProTransformer, NeurIPS'24], reprogrammable representations that adapt any pretrained deep learning model for robustness [NRPM, ICLR'25], robust aggregation for graph learning [RUNG, NeurIPS'24] [BBRW, TKDD'26], robust dictionary learning [EDLNets], and noise-conditional networks [TCN].
  2. Achieve better accuracy-robustness Pareto frontiers through robustness reprogramming under three paradigms [Robustness Reprogramming, ICLR'25], noise-conditional networks [TCN], and mixtures of robust experts.
  3. Develop efficient iterative attacks and adversarial training [Spiking Attacks, ICLR'26].
Efficient AI
  1. Address efficiency problems in safety and robustness: efficient iterative attacks and adversarial training [Spiking Attacks, ICLR'26], training-free robust deployment [ProTransformer, NeurIPS'24] [Robustness Reprogramming, ICLR'25], one-for-all defense [TCN], and efficient certifiable defense [SRS, NeurIPS'24].
  2. Improve efficiency by reducing redundancy in sequential modeling: accelerating iterative attacks [Spiking Attacks, ICLR'26], accelerating randomized smoothing [SRS, NeurIPS'24], and accelerating generative modeling via modulated quantization [ModDiff, ICML'25].
  3. Pursue context- and token-efficiency in LLMs: a hierarchical transformer for log data [HLogformer], and context-efficient modeling for structured data.
AI for Science & Industry
  1. Biology: molecular dynamics modeling [ESTAG, NeurIPS'23] and molecule generation [MolConf, ICLR'26]; genomics, including explainable survival analysis [PathExpSurv, BMC'23], LLMs for lncRNA regulation [LLM4Bio, MABM'25], single-cell chromatin accessibility [SCARP, BiB'24], and interpretable scientific interaction discovery [XAI4Sci, ICLR WS'25].
  2. Interdisciplinary AI: extending these methods to networking and transportation.
  3. LLM post-training for industrial applications: natural language formalization [SCD] and context-efficient modeling [HLogformer].

News

June, 2026 Our paper on Robustness in Directed Graphs is accepted by ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data (TKDD).
May, 2026 The Neurosymbolic LLM Reasoning proposal I led was honored with an Amazon Research Award.
May, 2026 I join Trustworthy Shopping AI Team at Amazon as an Applied Scientist intern at Seattle.
January, 2026 Our papers on Scalable Attack and Molecular Generation are accepted by ICLR 2026. See you in Rio de Janeiro!
May, 2025 I join Automated Reasoning Group at AWS AI as an Applied Scientist intern at New York.
May, 2025 Our paper "Modulated Diffusion" is accepted by ICML 2025. See you in Vancouver!
March, 2025 Our paper on "Scientific Discovery in Bioinformatics" is accepted by ICLR 2025 Workshop XAI4Science.
February, 2025 Our paper on Robustness Reprogramming is selected as a Spotlight paper (1.4% ≈ 162/11670) by ICLR 2025.
January, 2025 Our paper on Robustness Reprogramming is accepted by ICLR 2025. See you in Singapore!
October, 2024 I give a tutorial at DSAA about "Adversarial Robustness in Graph Neural Networks".
September, 2024 Our papers on Robust Transformers, Robust GNNs, and Efficient Certifiable Robustness are accepted by NeurIPS 2024. See you in Vancouver!
July, 2024 I receive the National AI Research Resource Pilot Award for our research on exploring and enhancing the robustness of LLMs and foundation models.
May, 2024 I join Amazon AWS GuardDuty as an Applied Scientist intern at New York.
May, 2024 Our tutorial on "Adversarial Robustness in Graph Neural Networks" is accepted by DSAA 2024. See you in San Diego!
May, 2024 I receive the Summer Graduate Merit Awards.
March, 2024 Our paper on Robust Transformers is accepted by ICLR 2024 Workshop on Reliable and Responsible Foundation Models.
February, 2024 Our paper on Single-Cell ATAC-seq Analysis is accepted by Briefings in Bioinformatics.
September, 2023 Our paper on Physical Dynamics is accepted by NeurIPS 2023. See you in New Orleans!
September, 2023 One paper on Explainable Survival Analysis is accepted by BMC Bioinformatics.
June, 2023 I join Big Search team in Baidu, Inc. as a research intern at Beijing.
March, 2022 I join Institute for AI Industry Research, Tsinghua University as a research intern.

Selected Publications

Full Publications →
ICLR 2025 🏆 SPOTLIGHT Paper ↗GitHub ↗Poster ↗

Robustness Reprogramming for Representation Learning

Zhichao Hou, MohamadAli Torkamani, Hamid Krim, Xiaorui Liu

Top 1.4% of 11,670 submissions · International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)

ICLR 2026 Paper ↗

Fine-Grained Iterative Adversarial Attacks with Limited Computation Budget

Zhichao Hou, Weizhi Gao, Xiaorui Liu

International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)

ProTransformer: Robustify Transformers via Plug-and-Play Paradigm

Zhichao Hou, Weizhi Gao, Yuchen Shen, Feiyi Wang, Xiaorui Liu

Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)

Robust Graph Neural Networks via Unbiased Aggregation

Zhichao Hou, Ruiqi Feng, Tyler Derr, Xiaorui Liu

Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)

NeurIPS 2023 Paper ↗GitHub ↗

Equivariant Spatio-Temporal Attentive Graph Networks to Simulate Physical Dynamics

Liming Wu*, Zhichao Hou*, Jirui Yuan, Yu Rong, Wenbing Huang

Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) · * denotes equal contribution

Preprint Paper ↗

Boosting Adversarial Robustness and Generalization with Structural Prior

Zhichao Hou, Weizhi Gao, Hamid Krim, Xiaorui Liu

Preprint

Preprint Paper ↗

Towards One-for-All Robustness Across a Continuum of Threat Levels

Zhichao Hou, Xiaorui Liu

Preprint


Internship Experience

May 2026 Aug 2026

Applied Scientist Intern

Amazon Web Services

Trustworthy Shopping AI Team SEATTLE, WA

Collaborators: Rui Song, Lingdao Shao, Xueyu Mao, Yang Liu, Peijie Qiu

May 2025 Aug 2025

Applied Scientist Intern

Amazon Web Services

Automated Reasoning at AWS AI NEW YORK, NY

Collaborators: Ferhat Erata, MohamadAli Torkamani

May 2024 Aug 2024

Applied Scientist Intern

Amazon Web Services

Security Analytics and AI Research (SAAR) NEW YORK, NY

Collaborator: MohamadAli Torkamani

May 2023 Aug 2023

Research Intern

Baidu, Inc.

Big Search Group BEIJING, CHINA

Collaborators: Xiaochi Wei, Dawei Yin

Mar 2022 Sep 2022

Research Intern

Tsinghua University

Institute for AI Industry Research BEIJING, CHINA

Collaborators: Wenbing Huang, Yu Rong